Giant kelp forests also create complex habitats that support diverse communities and ecosystems. The kelp forest can be a shelter, hunting ground and nursery for many species including all types of fish, mammals (like whales, seals and penguins), invertebrates and sea birds. As kelp soaks up carbon dioxide, it reduces the acidity of the surrounding sea water, raising oxygen levels and further improving water conditions to help sea life in the area flourish. Kelp forests provide benefits to humans too, by slowing erosion along our coastlines, providing food and supporting the livelihood of local communities, improving fish stocks and increasing the local marine diversity and ecosystem resilience.